What is the right box size for a single 12-inch LP?
A 13 by 13 inch mailer roughly 1 inch deep, sized to the album with almost nothing to spare. That is a purpose-built LP mailer, not a repurposed box. The record cannot slide, and the corrugate stops the jacket from flexing on impact.
What size box holds a stack of 25 LPs?
About 14 by 14 by 5 inches works for a snug stack of 25 standard 180 gram jackets. Overpack a fold-and-tuck LP carton if the stack is loose. A weight of 15 to 20 pounds is normal, and it stays comfortably inside the USPS Media Mail 70 pound ceiling.
Do I need stiffener boards inside the mailer?
Yes for single LPs. Two 12.5 inch corrugated pads, one on each side of the sleeved album, are what stop a seam split when the mailer bends. Mailers marketed as record boxes usually include them; a plain white 13 inch carton does not.
Do 7-inch 45s use a different box?
A 7.5 by 7.5 inch mailer with a 45 rpm insert protector is the shape that fits. A 12 inch LP mailer around a 45 is a return-to-sender waiting to happen — the record slides, the label creases, and the postage was wrong anyway.
Can I ship records in a shoe box?
Not safely. A shoe box has no side stiffness, and vinyl warps when the box flexes against the platter. Use a mailer designed for records, or wrap two thicknesses of corrugate around the stack and put it inside a snug outer carton.